The Concept of Social Ethics of Religiousness from the Perspective of Nurcholish Madjid

Abstract

Social ethics of religion are principles that regulate human relations in a social context based on religious values, such as justice, tolerance, and brotherhood. This concept emphasizes the importance of harmony in a pluralistic society through mutual respect and openness to differences. Social ethics of religion also serves as a guide to creating a civilized community life. However, the social reality in Indonesia shows that there are still problems of intolerance, such as what happened in the raid and mob attack on Catholic students of Pamulang University (Unpam) who were performing the Rosary prayer service in a rented house on Jalan Ampera, Setu, South Tangerang. Then the incident of the sealing of the Ahmadiyah Mosque, by the Head of the Garut Regency Civil Service Police Unit forcibly closing the Ahmadiyah Mosque. And the persecution of the Shia group, a group of intolerant troops wearing head coverings broke up a prayer event in Mertodranan, Pasarkliwon, Solo. This incident illustrates the need for a new approach to strengthening social ethics of religion in order to overcome religious-based conflicts. The method used in this study is qualitative-descriptive, by analyzing the writings and thoughts of Nurcholish Madjid. The results of this study indicate that Nurcholish Madjid offers an inclusive concept of social ethics of religion, emphasizing the importance of interfaith dialogue, strengthening universal humanitarian values, and social responsibility in religion. The conclusion of this study is that the concept of social ethics of religion by Nurcholish Madjid is relevant as a solution in facing the challenges of intolerance in society. By applying these principles, it is hoped that harmony will be created in religious and social life.