Operational Efficiency or Financing Risk? Key Drivers of Profitability in Indonesian Islamic Banks
Keywords:
ROA, CAR, FDR, NPF, BOPOAbstract
This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia, with a focus on operational efficiency and financing risk. Profitability is measured through Return on Assets (ROA) as the main indicator of bank financial performance. The independent variables analyzed include the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Non-Performing Financing (NPF), and Operational Expenses to Operational Income (BOPO). This study uses quantitative data from the annual financial reports of Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia for the period 2019-2024. The number of samples used in this study is 9 Islamic banks, resulting in 54 observations (9 banks × 6 years). The data in this study were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis with the assistance of SPSS 27 software. The results of the study indicate that CAR has a positive and significant effect on ROA, FDR has a negative and significant effect on ROA, while BOPO has a negative and significant effect on ROA. Meanwhile, NPF has no significant effect on ROA. These findings confirm that operational efficiency and financing risk are the main factors determining the profitability of Islamic banks in Indonesia.
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